CSS Introduction

CSS, short for Cascading Style Sheets, is a programming language used to define the presentation and layout of a web page. It is one of the core technologies used for building websites and works alongside HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) to define the structure and content of a webpage.

CSS allows web developers to control various aspects of the presentation, such as colors, fonts, spacing, positioning, and more. By separating the presentation from the structure of the web page (which is defined using HTML), CSS enables developers to create visually appealing and consistent designs across multiple web pages.

Here are some key concepts and features of CSS:

CSS, short for Cascading Style Sheets, is a programming language used to define the presentation and layout of a web page. It is one of the core technologies used for building websites and works alongside HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) to define the structure and content of a webpage.

CSS allows web developers to control various aspects of the presentation, such as colors, fonts, spacing, positioning, and more. By separating the presentation from the structure of the web page (which is defined using HTML), CSS enables developers to create visually appealing and consistent designs across multiple web pages.

Here are some key concepts and features of CSS:

Selectors : CSS uses selectors to target specific HTML elements on a web page. Selectors can be based on element types, class names, IDs, attributes, and more. For example, you can target all paragraphs (p), elements with a specific class (.classname), or elements with a specific ID (#elementID).

Properties and Values : CSS properties define the visual characteristics of the selected elements, such as color, font size, width, height, and so on. Each property has a corresponding value that determines the specific appearance or behavior of the element.

Rules and Declarations : CSS rules consist of selectors and declarations. Selectors specify which elements the rule applies to, while declarations define the properties and their values. Multiple declarations can be combined within a rule, separated by semicolons.

Style Sheets : CSS styles can be applied internally within an HTML document using <style> tags, or externally by linking to an external CSS file. External style sheets are commonly used as they allow for separate styling files that can be shared across multiple web pages, promoting code reusability and easier maintenance.

Cascading and Specificity : The term “cascading” in CSS refers to the way styles are applied and overridden. CSS rules can have different levels of specificity, which determines their precedence. When multiple rules target the same element, the most specific rule takes effect. Inline styles (defined directly on the element) have the highest specificity, followed by IDs, classes, and element selectors.

Box Model : The CSS box model describes the layout and spacing of elements on a web page. Each element is treated as a rectangular box with content, padding, borders, and margins. Understanding the box model is crucial for controlling the size and positioning of elements.

CSS has evolved over the years, and new features and specifications have been introduced to enhance its capabilities. It is widely supported by modern web browsers and is an essential skill for web developers to create visually appealing and responsive websites.